1、Synthesis of High
The synthesis of high-molecular-weight (MW) polyesters from the copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) and epoxides remains a challenge.
2、Synthesis and Applications of Unsaturated Polyester Composites
Two-step synthesis of unsaturated polyester resins using maleic anhydride, isophthalic acid, and 2-alkyl-1,3-propandiol and a vinyl monomer in the curing step. During the first step low molecular weight (<2.5 kDa) chains are formed.
3、Synthesis of unsaturated polyester resin — effect of anhydride composition
Abstract—Unsaturated polyester resin has been synthesized using different proportions of phthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride for the esteri cation with propylene glycol. Initially, maleic anhydride was allowed to react with propylene glycol for some time before the addition of phthalic anhydride.
4、Industrially Significant Copolymers Containing Maleic Anhydride
In the United States, the commercial use of unsaturated polyester resins accounts for the major consumption of maleic anhydride. Approximately 2.2 billion kilo-grams/year of unsaturated polyester resins are employed to manufacture a variety of products.
Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Biobased Unsaturated
Biobased unsaturated polyester resin (b-UPR), synthesized from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) glycosylate and renewable origin maleic anhydride (MAnh) and propylene glycol (PG), was reinforced with unmodified and vinyl-modified biosilica nanoparticles obtained from rice husk.
Synthesis of High
Abstract The synthesis of high-molecular-weight (MW) polyesters from the copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) and epoxides remains a challenge.
Unsaturated polyester resins based on rosin maleic anhydride adduct as
We therefore report now the synthesis and characterization of unsaturated polyester resins obtained by the reaction of rosin maleic anhydride adduct with maleic anhydride and ethylene or propylene glycol.
Glycerol and Maleic Anhydride
In this sense, a potentially 100% renewable glycerol and maleic anhydride-based acrylic polyester (PPH) was synthesized, requiring 8 min of reaction after optimization.
Synthesis of High
However, there are still big challenges in one-step synthesis of multiblock copolymers containing unsaturated polyester blocks from maleic anhydride, epoxides, and lactone mixtures. Herein, a switchable pathway for polylactide-b-poly (MAH-alt-epoxide)-bpolylactide block copolymers is established.
Handbook of Maleic Anhydride Based Materials
A handbook on syntheses and properties, production processes, and applications of maleic anhydride and maleic anhydride derived products – all in one text. This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of maleic anhydride chemistry and applications from the professional perspective.
In the field of modern material science, polymers have found extensive applications, among which polyester resins stand out as crucial high-molecular-weight materials due to their excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability, and ease of processing. traditional polyester resins often fail to meet performance requirements in specific applications, such as temperature resistance, wear resistance under extreme conditions, and adhesion under certain circumstances. To broaden their application scope and enhance overall performance, scientists have explored chemical modifications to improve polyester resin properties. Maleic anhydride (MA) modification has gained attention as an effective method due to its unique physicochemical properties.
The synthesis of MA-modified polyester resins involves multiple steps. Raw Material Selection: Appropriate dibasic acids and polyols are chosen as precursors. The selection of these materials critically impacts the final product’s properties. Dibasic acids, typically with high molecular weights and long carbon chains, provide branched structures that enhance flexibility and heat resistance. Polyols, meanwhile, supply essential hydroxyl groups for esterification reactions with maleic anhydride.
Esterification Reaction: Under catalytic conditions, maleic anhydride reacts with hydroxyl groups from dibasic acids or polyols to form polyester resins containing ester linkages. This step is pivotal and requires precise control of reaction parameters, including temperature, catalyst type/dosage, and reaction time, to ensure efficiency and product uniformity.
The performance improvements of MA-modified polyester resins stem from molecular-level alterations. Incorporating maleic anhydride increases molecular chain flexibility, crosslinking density, thermal stability, and mechanical strength. Additionally, the modified resins may exhibit enhanced UV resistance and chemical resistance, positioning them for potential use in high-performance composites, electronic encapsulation materials, and other advanced applications.
Industrial Considerations: During practical production, cost and environmental factors must be addressed. Efforts should minimize energy consumption, raw material waste, and proper waste treatment to ensure eco-friendly manufacturing processes.
The synthesis of MA-modified polyester resins is a multidisciplinary endeavor spanning polymer chemistry, materials science, and chemical engineering. By fine-tuning synthetic conditions, resins with superior properties and broad applicability can be achieved. In the future, advancing technology and growing demands for novel materials will further drive research and application of MA-modified polyester resins, contributing significantly to human progress.
