1、Selective terpene oxidation by unspecific peroxygenases with

In this issue of Chem Catalysis, Grogan and co-workers study the complementary reactivities of artUPO and r Aae UPO-PaDa-I-H, two representative unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) in the selective oxidation of terpenes.

2、What to Do When Terpene Resins Are Oxidized

Terpene resins react with oxygen in the air to form peroxides, a process known as oxidation. As the reaction proceeds, peroxides decompose into free radicals, triggering a chain reaction that degrades the resin’s performance.

3、Recent advances in catalytic and non

To optimize the epoxidation of bio-based terpene, there is a need to develop continuous processes that address limitations in mass and heat transfer. This review discusses flow chemistry and innovative reactor designs as part of a multi-scale approach aimed at industrial transformation.

4、Tungstic Acid: A Simple and Effective Solid Catalyst in Terpene Alcohol

In this work, we report for the first time, the tungstic acid-catalyzed oxidation of terpene alcohols with hydrogen peroxide. This simple, solid, and commercially available catalyst efficiently promoted the conversion of borneol, geraniol and nerol to camphor and epoxide products, respectively.

5、Terpene hydroperoxide chemistry in citrus oils; reaction with

Using this method, it was shown that peroxyhemiacetals formed by reaction of terpene hydroperoxides with endogenous aldehydes exist as components in common citrus oils. This was further substantiated by NMR analysis using a variety of techniques.

Epoxidation of Terpenes,Catalysts

In this chapter we describe recent efforts from our group to develop catalytic and noncatalytic processes for terpene epoxidation using a variety of oxidizing agents and process intensification methods.

in terpene alcohol oxidation reactions with Tungstic acid: a simple and

The camphor was the only reaction product formed in all the runs (Scheme 1). The only exception was the uncatalyzed reaction, where borneol peroxide was also obtained with 30% of selectivity.

Scaled up epoxidation of terpenes in microemulsion

This phenomenon increases the terpene/aqueous medium interfacial area, improving oxygen transfer from the aqueous medium to the terpene; as a result, the epoxidation reaction proceeds very rapidly, so that oxygen loss becomes negligible; oxygen yields of up to 70 % are achieved.

Epoxidation of Terpenes

Abstract: Terpene epoxides are considered as potential primary intermediates in the synthesis of numerous green polymers including epoxy resins, polycarbonates, nonisocyanate polyurethanes and even some polyamides.

Synthesis of Biorenewable Terpene Monomers Using Enzymatic Epoxidation

Here, we report heterogeneous batch and continuous flow epoxidation of biobased terpenes using H 2 O 2 as a benign oxidant in the presence of Novozym 435. Our protocol offers advantages in terms of product scalability to gram quantities, low toxicity of the byproducts, higher productivity under flow operation, and easy processing.

In the vast realm of chemistry, chemical reactions are fundamental to maintaining material diversity and stability. Terpene resin, as an important organic synthetic raw material, possesses unique properties that enable it to undergo various reactions with other chemicals. Among these, the reaction between terpene resin and peroxides is particularly noteworthy. This process not only involves complex chemical mechanisms but also holds broad application prospects for its products. This paper delves into the process, characteristics, and applications of the reaction between terpene resin and peroxides.

I. Reaction Mechanism

Terpene resin is an unsaturated compound containing multiple carbon-carbon double bonds, which endows it with distinctive chemical properties. When terpene resin interacts with peroxides, a series of intricate chemical reactions ensue. Initially, oxygen atoms from the peroxide abstract a hydrogen atom from the terpene resin molecule, forming a free radical. This radical can further decompose into two new radicals, which initiate a chain reaction through collisions or interactions with other substances.

II. Reaction Characteristics

The reaction between terpene resin and peroxides is characterized by its speed and selectivity. Due to the strong oxidizing nature of peroxides, hydrogen atoms in terpene resin molecules are rapidly abstracted, resulting in extremely fast reaction rates. this rapidity often leads to low product selectivity and the formation of byproducts. Additionally, the reaction is influenced by factors such as temperature and concentration, with varying conditions yielding different product structures and efficiencies.

III. Product Analysis

The primary products of the terpene resin-peroxide reaction include oxygen-containing compounds, such as epoxides and peroxides. These products have diverse applications, including use as curing agents in coatings and adhesives, or as intermediates in pharmaceutical synthesis for producing bioactive compounds. Byproducts generated during the reaction also warrant attention, as they may exhibit unique chemical properties, offering opportunities for subsequent separation and utilization.

IV. Practical Applications

The products of terpene resin-peroxide reactions find widespread industrial use. For instance, in the coatings industry, epoxides serve as precursors for epoxy resins, forming robust coating materials when combined with other components. In adhesive formulations, peroxides react with terpene resin to create stable cross-linked structures, enhancing adhesion strength and water resistance. In pharmaceuticals, reaction products act as intermediates for synthesizing compounds with specific biological activities.

V. Challenges and Prospects

Despite its significance, the terpene resin-peroxide reaction faces challenges. Low product selectivity can lead to uncontrolled side reactions, compromising the quality and performance of final products. Optimizing reaction conditions remains a critical task, requiring experimental exploration to maximize yield and minimize byproducts. Looking ahead, advancements in catalyst design and reaction condition optimization may enhance the efficiency and controllability of this reaction, driving scientific and applied progress in related fields.

the reaction between terpene resin and peroxides is a complex yet fascinating chemical process. Studying this reaction not only deepens our understanding of terpene resin properties and mechanisms but also uncovers new application pathways, offering innovative approaches for industrial production and scientific research. With ongoing research and technological progress, the terpene resin-peroxide reaction is poised to continue contributing to societal advancements across diverse domains.